Iran

This map shows the geographic distribution of refugees in Iran. The map uses the proportions from the 2015 Amayesh registration applied to data from 2020

The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations.

Afghan Voluntary Repatriation (UNHCR assisted return) in 2024 JSON 
694
Last updated 30 Sep 2024
Source - UNHCR 

* Out of the total number of repatriated refugees the majority are Afghans. See breakdown of nationalities below

Loading Number of Voluntary Repratriation per month

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  • Overview of Iran operation

    The Islamic Republic of Iran (Iran) hosts some 3.8 million refugees and people in refugee-like situations, making Iran the largest refugee-hosting country globally according to the UNHCR Global Trends report released in June 2024. This showcases Iran’s generosity in hosting refugees for over 40 years including those who arrived following the 2021 developments in Afghanistan. This figure encompasses 773,000 refugees, including 761,000 Afghan Amayesh card holders and 12,000 Iraqi Hoviat card holders, as well as 3,000,000 people in refugee-like situations, including 2,600,000 headcount slip holders and 368,000 new arrivals. 99 per cent of these refugees and people in refugee-like situations reside in urban areas, and the remaining one per cent live in 20 government-run refugee settlements.
    Iran is a signatory to the 1951 Convention and its 1967 Protocol in July 1976 and upholds its international obligations pertaining to the rights of refugees and forcibly displaced populations. Some domestic legislation and ad-hoc government schemes have provided displaced persons with different forms of status, protection, and rights. In 2022, the Government of Iran undertook a headcount of all undocumented Afghan nationals in Iran, including those who had arrived in Iran since 2021. The headcount was concluded in June 2022, and some 2.6 million Afghans were registered by the government through the headcount exercise and received headcount slips providing them with a form of temporary protection against refoulment and access to some public services.
    Within the framework of the Solutions Strategy for Afghan Refugees (SSAR), since 2012, UNHCR has worked closely with the Government of Iran, national and international NGOs, and UN agencies in seeking solutions and providing a multitude of services to the forcibly displaced population. To ensure assistance is coordinated in a coherent and complementary way amongst humanitarian partners, UNHCR leads the development and implementation of Refugee Response Plans (RRPs). UNHCR continues to support the Government in implementing its inclusive refugee policies to achieve equal access to education, free primary health care, and livelihood opportunities, through the construction of schools, provision of DAFI scholarships for tertiary students, procurement of medical equipment and pharmaceuticals, construction, and repair of health centres, provision of psychosocial counseling, vocational training and support for income generating activities. UNHCR continues to identify the most vulnerable refugees and address their specific protection risks. Concerns however remain over complex protection risks and increasing needs and vulnerabilities of refugees, while a challenging economic situation is posing a substantial strain on the government's ability to maintain its inclusive policies.
    Resettlement is one of the durable solutions to the plight of refugees. In the spirit of international responsibility-sharing, UNHCR Iran works with resettlement States to receive resettlement quotas as it is an essential element of international protection. In reference to UNHCR Guidance Note on International Protection Needs of People Fleeing Afghanistan, UNHCR emphasizes that the environment in Afghanistan is not conducive to return, and Afghan nationals in Iran are considered to be in predominantly a refugee situation regardless of their legal status. In line with its non-return advisory for Afghanistan, UNHCR remains cautious about the unpredictable human rights situation in Afghanistan and ensures that refugees make the choice to return to their countries of origin in a voluntary and informed manner through the provision of enhanced counselling to prospective returnees under its voluntary repatriation programme.

    Registered Refugees in Iran JSON 
    773,074
    Last updated 30 Jun 2024
    Source - Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran (GIRI) 
    Reported newly arrived Afghans in need of international protection (since 1 January 2021) JSON 
    90,247
    Last updated 31 Mar 2024
    Source - UNHCR 
    Iran demograpic breakdown
    Funding UNHCR Iran (2024)
    $140,001,535
    Total appeal
    Date of Funding Data 30 September 2024 (2 months ago)
      Highlights
    The Government of Japan continues supporting UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency, through its Supplementary Budget, and Partnership Grant Aid amounting to over USD 4 million, which helps Afghan refugees access health care in the Islamic Republic of Iran. This generous funding will allow UNHCR to enhance access to quality education and healthcare services for Afghan refugees through Iran’s national educational and healthcare systems. Japan has been a leading supporter of UNHCR’s activities in the country for over a decade, particularly in the areas of education and healthcare for refugees. This new funding reaffirms Japan’s continued commitment to ensuring accessible and affordable health services for the most vulnerable Afghan refugees in Iran. It will also support the construction of public schools benefitting both Afghans and Iranians alike. Building on its long-standing partnership, Japan also had provided critical support of USD 1.2 million to UNHCR’s programmes for Afghan refugees in Iran last year, which helped strengthen the national health care system and services for refugees.
    10 Jul 2024
    UNHCR Iran marked World Refugee Day with a series of events celebrating refugees’ resilience and courage and the country’s commendable inclusive policies towards refugees. With over 3.4 million refugees and refugee-like populations, Iran has become the second-largest refugee-hosting country globally this year. Throughout Iran, a range of events were organized to commemorate this year’s World Refugee Day, under the theme “Hope Away from Home.” These events emphasized the importance of solutions, inclusion, and compassion towards those forced to flee their homes due to conflict, persecution, or natural disasters. UNHCR Representative a.i., Ms. Inna Gladkova, in her Refugee Day message, paid tribute to the courage and remarkable resilience of refugees and commended Iran for its inclusive refugee policies, particularly in the sectors of education and health.
    20 Jun 2023
    UNHCR handed over essential medical equipment and medicines worth USD 10 million to the Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MoHME), in partnership with and the Bureau for Aliens and Foreign Immigrants’ Affairs (BAFIA), on 11 April 2023 in Tehran. The equipment including, ambulances, dialysis machines, CT scanners, X-Ray machines, ventilators, mobile health post and laboratory, rapid testing kits for malaria, COVID-19, Cholera, Hepatitis, and other communicable diseases, as well as many other essential medical items, will be delivered to some public hospitals and health posts in 27 provinces across the country in refugee hosting areas and refugee settlements.
    11 Apr 2023
    UNHCR’s humanitarian supplies to support relief efforts in Iran’s West Azerbaijan province arrived in Khoy, which was hit by a deadly earthquake on 28 January. As part of a coordinated response with other United Nations agencies, UNHCR has sent core relief items – including 3,000 family tents, 1,500 plastic tarpaulin, 3,000 high thermal blankets, 3,000 sleeping mats, and 3000 family hygiene kits to the affected areas. Distribution of these items to the affected families is ongoing. According to the Government of Iran’s estimates, over 35,000 people have been affected – most of the damage reported in Khoy county. Iran has been a generous refugee hosting country for more than 40 years. In difficult times like these, we express solidarity with the people of Iran and we stand ready to continue supporting those in need of assistance.
    13 Feb 2023
    Contact Information

    Please contact the following focal point

    Type of Inquiry Contact
    External Relations UNHCR Iran External Engagement
    [email protected]

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