Reviewed and approved by the IATF and the INGO Forum, area-based urban coordination structures are established in Irbid, Mafraq and Amman. These mechanisms focus on local issues and challenges and aim at increasing the effectiveness of operational coordination, through mapping of national NGOs and CBOs, application of referral pathways at the governorate level, and identifying challenges that need to be raised at a national level. The key principle is to ensure that the area based meetings do not duplicate efforts at the national sector level. This is helped by structured information flow between the governorate meeting and the sectors, with staff from the Inter-Sector Coordination Unit tasked to ensure follow-up on issues at the national level, and vice versa.